The Iberian Peninsula is home to a diversity of plant species, among which maples stand out. These species not only beautify our landscapes, but also play a crucial role in local ecosystems. Next, we will explore the five most representative maples of this region, their characteristics and their ecological importance.

Montpellier maple (Acer monspessulanum)

Description

The Montpellier Maple is a deciduous tree that can reach up to 10 meters in height. Its leaves are small, three-lobed and dark green, changing to yellow and red tones in autumn.

Distribution and habitat

This maple is found mainly in Mediterranean areas of the Peninsula, adapting well to dry, limestone soils. It is common to see it in thickets and mixed forests.

Ecological importance

The Montpellier Maple provides food and shelter for various species of birds and insects, contributing to the biodiversity of its environment.

Lesser Maple (Acer campestre)

Description

The Lesser Maple, also known as country maple, is a medium-sized tree that reaches between 5 and 15 meters in height. Its leaves are opposite, with 5 rounded lobes.

Distribution and habitat

This species is common in much of Europe and adapts well to various types of soils. In the Iberian Peninsula, it is frequently found in deciduous forests and riverine areas.

Ecological importance

Field maple is vital to local wildlife, providing nectar to bees in spring and fruit for birds in autumn. In addition, its wood is appreciated in the production of furniture and tools.

Pseudoplatan Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)

Description

Known as false plane tree or sycamore, this maple can grow up to 30 meters tall. Its leaves are large, 5-lobed and with toothed edges.

Distribution and habitat

The Acer pseudoplatanus is more common in the mountainous and humid regions of the north of the Peninsula. Prefers deep, well-drained soil.

Ecological importance

This tree is essential for controlling soil erosion in mountainous areas. Its flowers are an important source of pollen for insects and its seeds serve as food for various species of fauna.

Granatense Maple (Acer opalus subsp. granatense)

Description

The Granatense Maple is a medium-sized tree that can reach up to 20 meters in height. Its leaves are palmate and bright green, turning yellow in autumn.

Distribution and habitat

It is found in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in mountainous areas. Prefers calcareous, well-drained soils.

Ecological importance

This subspecies of maple plays a crucial role in protecting the soil and forming habitats for various species of local flora and fauna.

Trident Maple (Acer buergerianum)

Description

The Trident Maple, also known as the three-tooth maple, is a deciduous tree that can reach up to 15 meters in height. Its leaves have three distinctive lobes and change from green to reddish tones in autumn.

Distribution and habitat

Although it is not native to the Iberian Peninsula, it has adapted well to its climate, especially in gardens and parks. Prefers well-drained soil and exposure to full sun.

Ecological importance

The Trident Maple is valued both for its ornamental beauty and for its ability to provide shade and shelter for various animal species.

Conservation of Native Maples

The conservation of these species is crucial to maintaining biodiversity and the health of ecosystems in the Iberian Peninsula. It is essential to promote sustainable practices in forestry and the protection of the natural habitats of these maples.

Conclusion

The native maples of the Iberian Peninsula not only add beauty to our landscapes, but also play essential ecological roles. Knowing and protecting these species is a responsibility that we must all assume to preserve our natural environment.

Explore the fascinating world of maples and discover how these majestic species contribute to the natural wealth of the Iberian Peninsula. Your appreciation and care can make a difference in its conservation!